Tip of the Quantum Entropy Cone (2306.00199v2)

Abstract: Relations among von Neumann entropies of different parts of an $N$-partite quantum system have direct impact on our understanding of diverse situations ranging from spin systems to quantum coding theory and black holes. Best formulated in terms of the set $\Sigma^*_N$ of possible vectors comprising the entropies of the whole and its parts, the famous strong subaddivity inequality constrains its closure $\overline\Sigma^*_N$, which is a convex cone. Further homogeneous constrained inequalities are also known. In this work we provide (non-homogeneous) inequalities that constrain $\Sigma_N^*$ near the apex (the vector of zero entropies) of $\overline\Sigma^*_N$, in particular showing that $\Sigma_N^*$ is not a cone for $N\geq 3$. Our inequalities apply to vectors with certain entropy constraints saturated and, in particular, they show that while it is always possible to up-scale an entropy vector to arbitrary integer multiples it is not always possible to down-scale it to arbitrarily small size, thus answering a question posed by A. Winter. Relations of our work to topological materials, entanglement theory, and quantum cryptography are discussed.