Bayesian tensor regression using the Tucker decomposition for sparse spatial modeling

Abstract: Modeling with multidimensional arrays, or tensors, often presents a problem due to high dimensionality. In addition, these structures typically exhibit inherent sparsity, requiring the use of regularization methods to properly characterize an association between a tensor covariate and a scalar response. We propose a Bayesian method to efficiently model a scalar response with a tensor covariate using the Tucker tensor decomposition in order to retain the spatial relationship within a tensor coefficient, while reducing the number of parameters varying within the model and applying regularization methods. Simulated data are analyzed to compare the model to recently proposed methods. A neuroimaging analysis using data from the Alzheimer's Data Neuroimaging Initiative is included to illustrate the benefits of the model structure in making inference.