String theory at order $α'^2$ and the generalized Bergshoeff-de Roo identification

Abstract: It has been shown by Marques and Nunez that the first $\alpha'$-correction to the bosonic and heterotic string can be captured in the $O(D,D)$ covariant formalism of Double Field Theory via a certain two-parameter deformation of the double Lorentz transformations. This deformation in turn leads to an infinite tower of $\alpha'$-corrections and it has been suggested that they can be captured by a generalization of the Bergshoeff-de Roo identification between Lorentz and gauge degrees of freedom in an extended DFT formalism. Here we provide strong evidence that this indeed gives the correct $\alpha'^2$-corrections to the bosonic and heterotic string by showing that it leads to a cubic Riemann term for the former but not for the latter, in agreement with the known structure of these corrections including the coefficient of Riemann cubed.