On sets of indefinitely desubstitutable words

Abstract: The stable set associated to a given set S of nonerasing endomorphisms or substitutions is the set of all right infinite words that can be indefinitely desubstituted over S. This notion generalizes the notion of sets of fixed points of morphisms. It is linked to S-adicity and to property preserving morphisms. Two main questions are considered. Which known sets of infinite words are stable sets? Which ones are stable sets of a finite set of substitutions? While bringing answers to the previous questions, some new characterizations of several well-known sets of words such as the set of binary balanced words or the set of episturmian words are presented. A characterization of the set of nonerasing endomorphisms that preserve episturmian words is also provided.