Collective emission of photons from dense, dipole-dipole interacting atomic ensembles

Abstract: We study the collective radiation properties of cold, trapped ensembles of atoms. We consider the high density regime with the mean interatomic distance being comparable to, or smaller than, the wavelength of the resonant optical radiation emitted by the atoms. We find that the emission rate of a photon from an excited atomic ensemble is strongly enhanced for an elongated cloud. We analyze collective single-excitation eigenstates of the atomic ensemble and find that the absorption/emission spectrum is broadened and shifted to lower frequencies as compared to the non-interacting (low density) or single atom spectrum. We also analyze the spatial and temporal profile of the emitted radiation. Finally, we explore how to efficiently excite the collective super-radiant states of the atomic ensemble from a long-lived storage state in order to implement matter-light interfaces for quantum computation and communication applications.