A sharp multidimensional Hermite-Hadamard inequality

Abstract: Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^d$, $d \geq 2$, be a bounded convex domain and $f\colon \Omega \to \mathbb{R}$ be a non-negative subharmonic function. In this paper we prove the inequality [ \frac{1}{|\Omega|}\int_\Omega f(x)\,dx \leq \frac{d}{|\partial\Omega|}\int_{\partial\Omega} f(x)\,d\sigma(x)\,. ] Equivalently, the result can be stated as a bound for the gradient of the Saint Venant torsion function. Specifically, if $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ is a bounded convex domain and $u$ is the solution of $-\Delta u =1$ with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, then [ |\nabla u|_{L^\infty(\Omega)} < d\frac{|\Omega|}{|\partial\Omega|}\,. ] Moreover, both inequalities are sharp in the sense that if the constant $d$ is replaced by something smaller there exist convex domains for which the inequalities fail. This improves upon the recent result that the optimal constant is bounded from above by $d^{3/2}$ due to Beck et al.