Symmetry resolved entanglement entropy of excited states in a CFT (2003.04670v2)

Abstract: We report a throughout analysis of the entanglement entropies related to different symmetry sectors in the low-lying primary excited states of a conformal field theory (CFT) with an internal U(1) symmetry. Our findings extend recent results for the ground state. We derive a general expression for the charged moments, i.e. the generalised cumulant generating function, which can be written in terms of correlation functions of the operator that define the state through the CFT operator-state correspondence. We provide explicit analytic computations for the compact boson CFT (aka Luttinger liquid) for the vertex and derivative excitations. The Fourier transform of the charged moments gives the desired symmetry resolved entropies. At the leading order, they satisfy entanglement equipartition, as in the ground state, but we find, within CFT, subleading terms that break it. Our analytical findings are checked against free fermions calculations on a lattice, finding excellent agreement. As a byproduct, we have exact results for the full counting statistics of the U(1) charge in the considered excited states.