Generalization of port-based teleportation and controlled teleportation capability

Abstract: As a variant of the original quantum teleportation, the port-based teleportation has been proposed, and its various kinds of useful applications in quantum information processing have been explored. Two users in the port-based teleportation initially share an arbitrary pure state, which can be represented by applying one user's local operation to a bipartite maximally entangled state. If the maximally entangled state is a $2M$-qudit state, then it can be expressed as $M$ copies of a two-qudit maximally entangled state, where $M$ is the number of the ports. We here consider a generalization of the original port-based teleportation obtained from employing copies of an arbitrary bipartite (mixed) resource instead of copies of a pure maximally entangled one. By means of the generalization, we construct a concept of the controlled port-based teleportation by combining the controlled teleportation with the port-based teleportation, and analyze its performance in terms of several meaningful quantities such as the teleportation fidelity, the entanglement fidelity, and the fully entangled fraction. In addition, we present new quantities called the control power and the minimal control power for the new controlled version on a given tripartite quantum state.