Chebotarev density theorem in short intervals for extensions of $\mathbb{F}_q(T)$ (1810.06201v2)

Abstract: An old open problem in number theory is whether Chebotarev density theorem holds in short intervals. More precisely, given a Galois extension $E$ of $\mathbb{Q}$ with Galois group $G$, a conjugacy class $C$ in $G$ and an $1\geq \varepsilon>0$, one wants to compute the asymptotic of the number of primes $x\leq p\leq x+x^{\varepsilon}$ with Frobenius conjugacy class in $E$ equal to $C$. The level of difficulty grows as $\varepsilon$ becomes smaller. Assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, one can merely reach the regime $1\geq\varepsilon>1/2$. We establish a function field analogue of Chebotarev theorem in short intervals for any $\varepsilon>0$. Our result is valid in the limit when the size of the finite field tends to $\infty$ and when the extension is tamely ramified at infinity. The methods are based on a higher dimensional explicit Chebotarev theorem, and applied in a much more general setting of arithmetic functions, which we name $G$-factorization arithmetic functions.