- The paper presents experimental evidence for propellant-less thrust generated by field emission in symmetric capacitors.
- It employs advanced techniques such as optimized dielectric materials and electrode modifications to enhance the electric field strength.
- Results indicate a scalable propulsion mechanism for space exploration, with thrust performance metrics approaching NASA interplanetary thresholds.
Electrostatic Accelerated Electrons and Propellant-less Thrust
Abstract and Introduction
The paper addresses an intriguing phenomenon involving symmetric capacitors under field emission conditions, leading to the generation of thrust without any propellant. This peculiar effect, not immediately explained by conventional physics, could have significant implications for propulsion technologies, especially in vacuum environments. The research presents experimental evidence suggesting that thin, symmetric capacitors exhibit an observable force toward the anode during electrical breakdown events, potentially offering a foundation for fuel-less propulsion mechanisms.
Methodology
The experimental approach utilized capacitors with various dielectric materials, predominantly polyethylene, to minimize ionic charge flow that could interfere with electron motion. The setup sought to maximize electric field strength, primarily through field emission, utilizing techniques such as heating (Schottky effect) and introducing structured surfaces to enhance inhomogeneous fields. The apparatus meticulously controlled for electromagnetic effects, employing twisted supply wires and calibrated instruments to ensure the integrity of measurements. High-voltage sources were used, and field strength enhancements were achieved via electrode modification techniques.
Results
The empirical data demonstrates a direct correlation between thrust force and accelerated electron mass. A key finding is the exponential increase in force as the separation between electrodes decreases, analogous to dielectric insulation thickness. Furthermore, preheating capacitors and manipulating field homogeneity contribute significantly to measurable thrust. Additional experiments confirmed that altering conditions behind the cathode, such as introducing conductive wave attenuators, can reverse or attenuate the force, indicating the influence of external radiation fields and the complex behavior of accelerated electrons.
Discussion
The research underlines a consistent observation of directional force through various capacitive discharge experiments. The findings indicate that the phenomenon is repeatable under specific conditions, showing promise for practical propulsion applications. The research suggests that the effect could be tied to phenomena such as Unruh radiation, highlighting the need for further theoretical exploration and experimental validation. The possibility of constructing scalable, electrically-driven propulsion systems for space applications is underscored, with performance metrics above the threshold for interplanetary travel, as defined by NASA.
Conclusion
The investigation successfully characterizes a novel thrust generation mechanism in capacitive systems under field emission. The results posit that this propellant-less thrust could revolutionize electric propulsion, particularly in vacuum environments. The capacitors designed in this paper achieve thrust performance metrics conducive to space exploration, offering a scalable and fuel-efficient propulsion alternative. Future research should aim to verify these findings with more precise equipment and explore the theoretical underpinnings, potentially leading to practical implementation in space missions. The research also suggests conducting further experiments in a space setting to assess the technology's viability beyond Earth's gravitational influence.