Influence of the Hall-bar geometry on harmonic Hall voltage measurements of spin-orbit torques

Abstract: Harmonic Hall voltage measurements are a wide-spread quantitative technique for the measurement of spin-orbit induced effective fields in heavy-metal / ferromagnet heterostructures. In the vicinity of the voltage pickup lines in the Hall bar, the current is inhomogeneous, which leads to a hitherto not quantified reduction of the effective fields and derived quantities, such as the spin Hall angle or the spin Hall conductivity. Here we present a thorough analysis of the influence of the aspect ratio of the voltage pickup lines to current channel widths on the apparent spin Hall angle. Experiments were performed with Hall bars with a broad range of aspect ratios and a substantial reduction of the apparent spin Hall angle is already seen in Hall crosses with an aspect ratio of 1:1. Our experimental results are confirmed by finite-element simulations of the current flow.