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Zeros of polynomials with four-term recurrence

Published 26 Jan 2017 in math.CV | (1701.07814v1)

Abstract: For any real numbers $b,c\in\mathbb{R}$, we form the sequence of polynomials $\left{ H_{m}(z)\right} {m=0}{\infty}$ satisfying the four-term recurrence [ H{m}(z)+cH_{m-1}(z)+bH_{m-2}(z)+zH_{m-3}(z)=0,\qquad m\ge3, ] with the initial conditions $H_{0}(z)=1$, $H_{1}(z)=$$-c$, and $H_{2}(z)=-b+c{2}$. We find necessary and sufficient conditions on $b$ and $c$ under which the zeros of $H_{m}(z)$ are real for all $m$, and provide an explicit real interval on which ${\displaystyle \bigcup_{m=0}{\infty}\mathcal{Z}(H_{m})}$ is dense where $\mathcal{Z}(H_{m})$ is the set of zeros of $H_{m}(z)$.

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