Primeness property for graded central polynomials of verbally prime algebras

Abstract: Let $F$ be an infinite field. The primeness property for central polynomials of $M_n(F)$ was proved by A. Regev, i.e., if the product of two polynomials in distinct variables is central then each factor is also central. In this paper we consider the analogous property for $M_n(F)$ and determine, within the elementary gradings with commutative neutral component, the ones that satisfy this property, namely the crossed product gradings. Next we consider $M_n(R)$, where $R$ admits a regular grading, with a grading such that $M_n(F)$ is a homogeneous subalgebra and provide sufficient conditions - satisfied by $M_n(E)$ with the trivial grading - to prove that $M_n(R)$ has the primeness property if $M_n(F)$ does. We also prove that the algebras $M_{a,b}(E)$ satisfy this property for ordinary central polynomials. Hence over a field of characteristic zero every verbally prime algebra as the primeness property.