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Lindelöf Tychonoff spaces and realcompactness in ZF

Ascertain whether, in ZF, every Tychonoff Lindelöf space is realcompact, or whether there exists a model of ZF containing a Tychonoff Lindelöf space that is not realcompact.

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Background

In ZFC, all regular Lindelöf T1 spaces are realcompact. The authors prove in ZF that every zero-dimensional Lindelöf T1 space is N-compact and, under CMC, that every Tychonoff Lindelöf space is realcompact. The unresolved issue is whether ZF alone suffices to ensure realcompactness of Tychonoff Lindelöf spaces, or whether a counterexample exists in some model of ZF.

References

We do not know if there is a model of ZF in which a Tychonoff Lindelöf space need not be realcompact (see Problem 7.4).

Characterizations of $\mathbb{N}$-compactness and realcompactness via ultrafilters in the absence of the axiom of choice (2408.01461 - Olfati et al., 27 Jul 2024) in Section 6, first paragraph before Theorem 6.1