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Using downward self-reducibility to place Shattering in PLS^Σ2^P

Show that the TFΣ3^P problem Shattering (derived from the Sauer–Shelah lemma) is in PLS with access to a Σ2^P oracle by developing a downward self-reduction aligned with the divide-and-conquer structure of the Sauer–Shelah proof.

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Background

Shattering is a canonical TFΣ3P problem whose totality follows from the Sauer–Shelah lemma. Prior work places Shattering in PPPΣ2P via a hashing-based approach.

Given the paper’s general framework linking downward self-reducibility to PLS-membership (with appropriate oracles), it is natural to ask whether the divide-and-conquer flavor of the Sauer–Shelah lemma can be turned into a downward self-reduction to place Shattering in PLSΣ2P.

References

Below we list a few open questions that arise from our work. Can the d.s.r framework be used to show that the \cc{TF\Sigma_3P} problem #1{Shattering} is in \cc{PLS{\Sigma_2P}? In particular, the proof of the Sauer-Shelah lemma, the combinatorial principle behind #1{Shattering}, employs a divide-and-conquer argument which seems closely related to a downward self-reduction.

Downward self-reducibility in the total function polynomial hierarchy (2507.19108 - Gajulapalli et al., 25 Jul 2025) in Discussion and Open questions, Item 2