Quantitative relation between the regularized functional and the second Dirichlet-series derivative

Establish, if such a relation exists, a quantitative identity linking the evaluation functional \(F=\sum_{k=2}^{\infty}\Lambda_k/k^2\), which defines the monoid regularization of \(P_{\omega}=\prod_{n\ge1}n^{(-1)^{\omega(n)}}\), to the second derivative \(D_{\omega}''(1)=8C_2\ln 2\) of its associated Dirichlet series.

Background

The paper associates the divergent arithmetic product Pω=∏n≥1n(−1)ω(n)P_{\omega}=\prod_{n\ge1}n^{(-1)^{\omega(n)}} with the Dirichlet series Dω(s)=∑n≥1(−1)ω(n)n−sD_{\omega}(s)=\sum_{n\ge1}(-1)^{\omega(n)}n^{-s}. Its generalized-monoid construction produces the absolutely convergent evaluation functional F=∑k=2∞Λk/k2F=\sum_{k=2}^{\infty}\Lambda_k/k^2, whose exponential is taken as the regularized value of the product.

Independently, the paper proves the analytic identity Dω′′(1)=8C2ln⁡2D_{\omega}''(1)=8C_2\ln 2, where C2C_2 is the Hardy–Littlewood twin-prime constant. The authors explicitly state that no quantitative identity currently connects these two quantities and leave the existence of such a relation unresolved.

References

We emphasize that no quantitative identity between F and D_\omega''(1) is currently available; establishing such an identity, if it exists, remains an open problem.

— Regularization of a Divergent Arithmetic Product via the Asymptotic Monoid: The Case of $(-1)^{ω(n)}$  (2610.13658 - Cruz et al., 9 Oct 2026) in Section 6, subsection “Limitations and future work,” item (iv)