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Natural labeling of size p^2 double cosets for Cp in Sp

Construct a natural labeling of the double cosets of size p^2 in Pp \ Sp / Pp, where Pp is a Sylow p-subgroup of Sp (isomorphic to the cyclic group Cp), providing an explicit and canonical parametrization of these double cosets.

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Background

In the smallest nontrivial case n=p, the Sylow p-subgroup Pp of Sp is cyclic of order p, and the double cosets Pp w Pp have sizes p or p2. Minimal-size double cosets are naturally labeled by NG(Pp)/Pp via standard arguments.

Despite this, the authors remark that even in this basic setting there is no known natural labeling for the double cosets of maximal size p2, highlighting a concrete gap in understanding the structure of these double cosets.

References

For instance, even for Pp ≤ Sp, we do not have a natural labelling of those double cosets of size p2.

On the number and sizes of double cosets of Sylow subgroups of the symmetric group (2504.01149 - Diaconis et al., 1 Apr 2025) in Remark 2.3, Section 2.3