Loop O(n) phase transition for all loop weights

Determine the critical curve $x_c(n)$ governing the loop-length phase transition of the loop $O(n)$ model for every $n\in(0,2]$, including the transition between macroscopic loops for $x\geq x_c(n)$ and exponential loop-length decay for $x<x_c(n)$.

Background

The loop O(n)O(n) model is defined on the hexagonal lattice with loop-weight parameter n>0n>0 and edge-weight parameter x>0x>0. The paper explains that the model lacks monotonicity and is conjectured to undergo a loop-length phase transition throughout the regime n(0,2]n\in(0,2]. The conjectural critical curve is later identified as xc(n)=1/2+2nx_c(n)=1/\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2-n}}, while the paper proves macroscopic behavior only in a substantial subregion of the predicted phase diagram.

References

This model is conjectured to undergo a phase transition in terms of loop lengths for all~$n\in (0,2]$: macroscopic loops when~$x\geq x_c(n)$ versus exponential decay when~$x< x_c(n)$.

Planar percolation and the loop O(n) model  (2508.20917 - Glazman et al., 28 Aug 2025) in Section 1, Introduction, paragraph introducing the loop $O(n)$ model