Formation channel of Gaia BH3

Determine whether the Gaia BH3 binary formed through isolated primordial binary evolution or through dynamical exchange interactions within the progenitor cluster of the ED-2 stellar stream.

Background

Gaia BH3 is a wide binary comprising a ~33 solar-mass black hole and a 0.8 solar-mass metal-poor giant, with high eccentricity and membership in the ED-2 stellar stream. The paper models isolated binary evolution scenarios and dynamical formation to assess plausibility. Although the author argues that dynamical interactions are more likely, the formation pathway remains explicitly uncertain.