Existence of formal lines over fields of positive characteristic
Ascertain whether formal lines, as defined by a k-algebraifold L in standard form with D_L free of rank one and some derivation \partial \in D_L surjective as a map L \to L, exist over fields k of positive characteristic; either construct such an example or prove nonexistence.
References
In fact, it is unclear to us whether a formal line over a field of positive characteristic exists at all.
— Differential geometry and general relativity with algebraifolds
(2403.06548 - Fritz, 11 Mar 2024) in Example “Polynomial ring formal line”, Section “Formal lines and geodesics”