Existence of additional Fermat primes
Determine whether there exist any other Fermat primes of the form 2^{2^k}+1 beyond the currently known set {3, 5, 17, 257, 65537}, in order to complete the characterization of regular n-gon constructibility by ruler and compass, which depends on the prime factorization of n into powers of 2 and distinct Fermat primes.
References
The only known Fermat primes are 2{20} + 1 = 3, 2{21} + 1 = 5, 2{22} + 1 = 17, 2{23} + 1 = 257, 2{24} + 1 = 65537. Whether there are any others is a longstanding open question.
— Galois Theory
(2408.07499 - Leinster, 2024) in Section “Ruler and compass constructions”