Determine the correct observational treatment of tilted cosmology

Determine the proper observational frame and peculiar-velocity corrections required to detect the predicted anisotropy and other observable effects of tilted cosmology without removing physically meaningful relativistic motion effects.

Background

Tilted cosmology predicts that observers moving relative to the Hubble flow can infer a locally modified deceleration parameter and potentially observe a dipolar anisotropy. However, supernova data are commonly transformed to the CMB frame using peculiar-velocity corrections derived under assumptions that may erase or alter the relativistic effects predicted by the tilted framework.

References

Therefore, the proper way to analyze those features are still unknown.

— Cosmology without the cosmological principle: A study of the large-scale structure effects in the background universe  (2608.15983 - Pastén, 17 Aug 2026) in Chapter 5, Section 5.1, “Observables in Tilted Cosmology,” subsection “Luminosity distance dependent observables”