Counterexample to the "all new infection terms" choice in NGM
Construct a counterexample where defining the NGM "new infections" matrix F by collecting all positive-sign, nonlinear infection terms fails to satisfy the conditions of the NGM theorem of Diekmann–Heesterbeek–Metz and van den Driessche–Watmough, thereby demonstrating limits of the "all" choice.
References
Note that it is an open problem to provide a counterexample where the "all" choice doesn't satisfy the conditions of [DHM90, VdDW02, VdDW08].
— Stability in Reaction Network Models via an Extension of the Next Generation Matrix Method
(2411.11867 - Avram et al., 3 Nov 2024) in Remark 3, Section 2