Corradi–Katai conjecture for the binary Liouville Goldbach sum

Prove that, for the binary Liouville Goldbach sum \(\mathcal{G}_2(N)=\sum_{a+b=N}\lambda(a)\lambda(b)\), one has \(\lvert\mathcal{G}_2(N)\rvert=o(N)\) as \(N\to\infty\), equivalently \(\lim_{N\to\infty}\lvert\mathcal{G}_2(N)\rvert/N=0\).

Background

The paper defines G2(N)\mathcal{G}_2(N) as the sum of λ(a)λ(b)\lambda(a)\lambda(b) over positive integers a,ba,b satisfying a+b=Na+b=N, where λ\lambda is the Liouville function. The Corradi–Katai conjecture asks for cancellation of this binary convolution at the scale of the trivial bound G2(N)N1\lvert\mathcal{G}_2(N)\rvert\leq N-1.

The paper proves only an averaged result: the set of integers NN for which G2(N)>δN\lvert\mathcal{G}_2(N)\rvert>\delta N has density zero for every fixed δ>0\delta>0, yielding lim infNG2(N)/N=0\liminf_{N\to\infty}\lvert\mathcal{G}_2(N)\rvert/N=0. It explicitly notes that the full conjecture had resisted an unconditional proof, although it had been proved conditionally on the existence of infinitely many Siegel zeros.

References

It is conjectured that $\left|\mathcal{G}_{2}(N)\right|=o(N)$ (see Conjecture \ref{Conjecture "Corradi-Katai"} below).

On a conjecture of Corradi and Katai  (2608.13266 - Krishnamoorthy, 13 Aug 2026) in Section 1, subsection “Previous works,” Conjecture (Corradi–Katai), following Theorem “K(delta) bound”