Black holes surrounded by dark matter spike: spacetime metrics and gravitational wave ringdown waveforms (2501.12213v1)

Abstract: The black holes at the centers of galaxies may be surrounded by dark matter spike, which could leave detectable imprints on the gravitational wave signals they emit. In this work, combining the mass model of M87 and the black hole solutions derived from the TOV equations, we focus on the gravitational wave ringdown waveforms of the black holes under the axial gravitational perturbation using the continued fraction method, that is quasinormal modes, and compare them with the Schwarzschild black hole. Furthermore, the impact of the different dark matter parameters on the quasinormal frequencies of the black holes was also investigated. In particular, we found that the impact of dark matter spike on the quasinormal modes of the black holes can reach up to the order of $10^{-4}$. These results may provide some help in further exploring the impact of dark matter spike on the black holes and their related gravitational wave phenomena.