Ferromagnetism Mechanism in a Geometrically Frustrated Triangular Lattice

Abstract: We study the emergent itinerant ferromagnetism and propose its underlying mechanism in the geometrically frustrated triangular lattice. Based on large-scale density matrix renormalization group simulations and unrestricted Hartree-Fock mean-field analysis, we identify itinerant ferromagnetic phases in the intermediate-$U$ Hubbard model with finite doping and reveal the kinetic mechanisms assisted by geometric frustration. Notably, we find that the doublon-singlon exchange process among other microscopic charge hoppings solely drives the fully polarized ferromagnetism for geometrically frustrated triangular lattice. Additionally, we establish the whole magnetic phase diagram and illustrate itinerant ferromagnetism within a finite range of electron doping for finite on-site Coulomb repulsion. The comparison of local spin correlations with recent cold-atom experiments is also discussed. Our work enhances the understanding of ferromagnetism mechanisms at intermediate coupling strength and finite doping concentrations.