Automated Phishing Detection Using URLs and Webpages

Abstract: Phishing detection is a critical cybersecurity task that involves the identification and neutralization of fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information, thereby safeguarding individuals and organizations from data breaches and financial loss. In this project, we address the constraints of traditional reference-based phishing detection by developing an LLM agent framework. This agent harnesses LLMs to actively fetch and utilize online information, thus providing a dynamic reference system for more accurate phishing detection. This innovation circumvents the need for a static knowledge base, offering a significant enhancement in adaptability and efficiency for automated security measures. The project report includes an initial study and problem analysis of existing solutions, which motivated us to develop a new framework. We demonstrate the framework with LLMs simulated as agents and detail the techniques required for construction, followed by a complete implementation with a proof-of-concept as well as experiments to evaluate our solution's performance against other similar solutions. The results show that our approach has achieved with accuracy of 0.945, significantly outperforms the existing solution(DynaPhish) by 0.445. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of our approach and suggest improvements that could make it more effective. Overall, the proposed framework has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of current reference-based phishing detection approaches and could be adapted for real-world applications.