Image Classification for CSSVD Detection in Cacao Plants

Abstract: The detection of diseases within plants has attracted a lot of attention from computer vision enthusiasts. Despite the progress made to detect diseases in many plants, there remains a research gap to train image classifiers to detect the cacao swollen shoot virus disease or CSSVD for short, pertinent to cacao plants. This gap has mainly been due to the unavailability of high quality labeled training data. Moreover, institutions have been hesitant to share their data related to CSSVD. To fill these gaps, we propose the development of image classifiers to detect CSSVD-infected cacao plants. Our proposed solution is based on VGG16, ResNet50 and Vision Transformer (ViT). We evaluate the classifiers on a recently released and publicly accessible KaraAgroAI Cocoa dataset. Our best image classifier, based on ResNet50, achieves 95.39\% precision, 93.75\% recall, 94.34\% F1-score and 94\% accuracy on only 20 epochs. There is a +9.75\% improvement in recall when compared to previous works. Our results indicate that the image classifiers learn to identify cacao plants infected with CSSVD.