Impact of Non-Informative Censoring on Propensity Score Based Estimation of Marginal Hazard Ratios

Abstract: In medical and epidemiological studies, one of the most common settings is studying the effect of a treatment on a time-to-event outcome, where the time-to-event might be censored before end of study. A common parameter of interest in such a setting is the marginal hazard ratio (MHR). When a study is based on observational data, propensity score (PS) based methods are often used, in an attempt to make the treatment groups comparable despite having a non-randomized treatment. Previous studies have shown censoring to be a factor that induces bias when using PS based estimators. In this paper we study the magnitude of the bias under different rates of non-informative censoring when estimating MHR using PS weighting or PS matching. A bias correction involving the probability of event is suggested and compared to conventional PS based methods.