Torsion energy with boundary mean zero condition

Abstract: Motivated by establishing Neumann Talenti type comparison results, we concern the minimization of the following shape functional under volume constraint: \begin{align*} T(\Omega):=\inf\left{\frac12 \int_{\Omega} |\nabla u|^2\,dx -\int_\Omega u\,dx: u\in H^1(\Omega),\ \int_{\partial \Omega}ud\sigma=0 \right}. \end{align*} We prove that ball is a local minimizer to $T(\cdot)$ under smooth perturbation, but quite surprisingly, ball is not locally minimal to $T(\cdot)$ under Lipschitz perturbation. In fact, let $P_N$ be the regular polygon in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with $N$ sides and area $\pi$, then we prove that $T(P_N)$ is a strictly increasing function with respect to $N$ and $\lim_{N\rightarrow \infty}T(P_N)=T(B)$ where $B$ is the unit disk. As another side result, we prove that in dimension bigger than or equal to three, rigidity results of Serrin's seminal overdetermined system is not stable under Dirichlet perturbations, in contrast to the stability of rigidity under Neumann perturbation.