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Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets (2302.07355v3)
Published 14 Feb 2023 in cond-mat.mes-hall, physics.atm-clus, and physics.flu-dyn
Abstract: Superfluid helium nanodroplets are an ideal environment for the formation of metastable, self-organized dopant nanostructures. However, the presence of vortices often hinders their formation. Here, we demonstrate the generation of vortex-free helium nanodroplets and explore the size range in which they can be produced. From x-ray diffraction images of xenon-doped droplets, we identify that single compact structures, assigned to vortex-free aggregation, prevail up to $108$ atoms per droplet. This finding builds the basis for exploring the assembly of far-from-equilibrium nanostructures at low temperatures.