Robust Speed Control Methodology for Variable Speed Wind Turbines

Abstract: Improving wind turbine efficiency is essential for reducing the costs of energy production. The highly nonlinear dynamics of the wind turbines and their uncertain operating conditions have posed many challenges for their control methods. In this work, a robust control strategy based on sliding mode and adaptive fuzzy disturbance observer is proposed for speed tracking in a variable speed wind turbine. First, the nonlinear mathematical model that describes the dynamics of the variable speed wind turbine is derived. This nonlinear model is then used to derive the control methodology and to find stability and robustness conditions. The control approach is designed to track the optimal wind speed that causes maximum energy extraction. The stability condition was verified using the Lyapunov stability theory. A simulation study was conducted to verify the method, and a comparative analysis was used to measure its effectiveness. The results showed a high tracking ability and robustness of the developed methodology. Moreover, higher power extraction was observed when compared to a classical control method.