Floquet engineering of lattice structure and dimensionality in twisted moiré heterobilayers

Abstract: We present an experimental proposal to tune the effective lattice structure in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterobilayers with time-periodic Floquet drive. We show that elliptically polarized light with sub-terahertz frequencies $\hbar\omega\sim 1$ meV and moderate electric fields $E\sim0.2$~MV/cm allows tuning between the native triangular lattice and a square lattice, while linearly polarized light enables dimensional reduction to a quasi-one-dimensional geometry. Without drive, these twisted TMDs simulate the single band Fermi-Hubbard model; we show that this approximation still holds in the presence of drive. This control opens the door to explore a rich variety of correlated phases of matter, such as spin liquids and d-wave superconductivity.