Method of nose stretching in Newton's problem of minimal resistance (2003.06682v2)

Abstract: We consider the problem $\inf\big{ \int!!\int_\Omega (1 + |\nabla u(x,y)|^2)^{-1} dx dy : \text{ the function } u : \Omega \to \mathbb{R} \text{ is concave and } 0 \le u(x,y) \le M \text{ for all } (x,y) \in \Omega ={ (x,y): x^2 + y^2 \le 1 } \, \big}$ (Newton's problem) and its generalizations. In the paper \cite{BrFK} it is proved that if a solution $u$ is $C^2$ in an open set $\mathcal{U} \subset \Omega$ then $\det D^2u = 0$ in $\mathcal{U}$. It follows that graph$(u)\rfloor_\mathcal{U}$ does not contain extreme points of the subgraph of $u$. In this paper we prove a somewhat stronger result. Namely, there exists a solution $u$ possessing the following property. If $u$ is $C^1$ in an open set $\mathcal{U} \subset \Omega$ then graph$(u\rfloor_\mathcal{U})$ does not contain extreme points of the convex body $C_u = { (x,y,z) :\, (x,y) \in \Omega,\ 0 \le z \le u(x,y) }$. As a consequence, we have $C_u = \text{\rm Conv} (\overline{\text{\rm Sing$C_u$}})$, where Sing$C_u$ denotes the set of singular points of $\partial C_u$. We prove a similar result for a generalized Newton's problem.