Automated identification of neural cells in the multi-photon images using deep-neural networks

Abstract: The advancement of the neuroscientific imaging techniques has produced an unprecedented size of neural cell imaging data, which calls for automated processing. In particular, identification of cells from two photon images demands segmentation of neural cells out of various materials and classification of the segmented cells according to their cell types. To automatically segment neural cells, we used U-Net model, followed by classification of excitatory and inhibitory neurons and glia cells using a transfer learning technique. For transfer learning, we tested three public models of resnet18, resnet50 and inceptionv3, after replacing the fully connected layer with that for three classes. The best classification performance was found for the model with inceptionv3. The proposed application of deep learning technique is expected to provide a critical way to cell identification in the era of big neuroscience data.