Tides between the TRAPPIST-1 planets

Abstract: The TRAPPIST-1 system is sufficiently closely packed that tides raised by one planet on another are significant. We investigate whether this source of tidal heating is comparable to eccentricity tides raised by the star. Assuming a homogeneous body with a Maxwell rheology, we find that energy dissipation from stellar tides always dominates over that from planet-planet tides across a range of viscosities. TRAPPIST-1 g may experience the greatest proportion of planet-planet tidal heating, where it can account for between 2% and 20% of the total amount of tidal heating, for high ($10^{21}$ Pa s) and low viscosity ($10^{14}$ Pa s) regimes, respectively. If planet-planet tidal heating is to exceed that from stellar eccentricity tides, orbital eccentricities must be no more than e=$10^{-3}$ to $10^{-4}$ for most of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.