Primitive stability and Bowditch's BQ-condition are equivalent

Abstract: We prove the equivalence of two conditions on the primitive elements in an $SL(2,\mathbb C)$ representation of the free group $F_2$ on two generators, which may hold even when the image of $F_2$ is not discrete. One is Minsky's condition of primitive stability and the other is the $BQ$-condition introduced by Bowditch and generalised by Tan, Wong and Zhang.