Fractionally Quantized Berry Phase, Adiabatic Continuation, and Edge States

Abstract: Symmetry protected quantization of the Berry phase is discussed in relation to edge states. Assuming an existence of some adiabatic process which protects quantization of the Berry phase, non trivial Berry phase $\gamma=\pm 2\pi\rho$ ($\rho$ is a local filling of particles) for the bulk suggests appearance of edge states with boundaries. We have applied this generic consideration for Bloch states of some two dimensional model with massless Dirac fermions where $\gamma=\pm\pi/2$ implies the edge states. Entanglement entropy is evaluated for the models and its relation to the bulk-edge correspondence of Dirac fermions is discussed as well.