All-Optical Production of a Lithium Quantum Gas Using Narrow-Line Laser Cooling

Abstract: We have used the narrow $2S_{1/2} \rightarrow 3P_{3/2}$ transition in the ultraviolet (uv) to laser cool and magneto-optically trap (MOT) $^6$Li atoms. Laser cooling of lithium is usually performed on the $2S_{1/2} \rightarrow 2P_{3/2}$ (D2) transition, and temperatures of $\sim$300 $\mu$K are typically achieved. The linewidth of the uv transition is seven times narrower than the D2 line, resulting in lower laser cooling temperatures. We demonstrate that a MOT operating on the uv transition reaches temperatures as low as 59 $\mu$K. Furthermore, we find that the light shift of the uv transition in an optical dipole trap at 1070 nm is small and blue-shifted, facilitating efficient loading from the uv MOT. Evaporative cooling of a two spin-state mixture of $^6$Li in the optical trap produces a quantum degenerate Fermi gas with $3 \times 10^{6}$ atoms a total cycle time of only 11 s.