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First double-differential cross section measurement of neutral-current $π^0$ production in neutrino-argon scattering in the MicroBooNE detector (2404.10948v3)

Published 16 Apr 2024 in hep-ex

Abstract: We report the first double-differential cross section measurement of neutral-current neutral pion (NC$\pi0$) production in neutrino-argon scattering, as well as single-differential measurements of the same channel in terms of final states with and without protons. The kinematic variables of interest for these measurements are the $\pi0$ momentum and the $\pi0$ scattering angle with respect to the neutrino beam. A total of 4971 candidate NC$\pi0$ events fully-contained within the MicroBooNE detector are selected using data collected at a mean neutrino energy of $\sim 0.8$~GeV from $6.4\times10{20}$ protons on target from the Booster Neutrino Beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. After extensive data-driven model validation to ensure unbiased unfolding, the Wiener-SVD method is used to extract nominal flux-averaged cross sections. The results are compared to predictions from commonly used neutrino event generators, which tend to overpredict the measured NC$\pi0$ cross section, especially in the 0.2-0.5~GeV/c $\pi0$ momentum range and at forward scattering angles. Events with at least one proton present in the final state are also underestimated. This data will help improve the modeling of NC$\pi0$ production, which represents a major background in measurements of charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector and in searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model.

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