Discrete Helly-type theorems for pseudohalfplanes (2103.11142v2)

Abstract: We prove discrete Helly-type theorems for pseudohalfplanes, which extend recent results of Jensen, Joshi and Ray about halfplanes. Among others we show that given a family of pseudohalfplanes $\cal H$ and a set of points $P$, if every triple of pseudohalfplanes has a common point in $P$ then there exists a set of at most two points that hits every pseudohalfplane of $\cal H$. We also prove that if every triple of points of $P$ is contained in a pseudohalfplane of $\cal H$ then there are two pseudohalfplanes of $\cal H$ that cover all points of $P$. To prove our results we regard pseudohalfplane hypergraphs, define their extremal vertices and show that these behave in many ways as points on the boundary of the convex hull of a set of points. Our methods are purely combinatorial. In addition we determine the maximal possible chromatic number of the regarded hypergraph families.