Residential Energy Storage Management with Bidirectional Energy Control (1712.00093v3)

Abstract: We consider the residential energy storage management system with integrated renewable generation, with the availability of bidirectional energy flow from and to the grid thorough buying and selling. We propose a real-time bidirectional energy control algorithm, aiming to minimize the net system cost, due to energy buying and selling and battery deterioration and inefficiency from storage activities, within a given time period, subject to the battery operational constraints and energy buying and selling constraints. We formulate the problem as a stochastic control optimization problem. We then modify and transform this difficult problem into one that enables us to develop the real-time energy control algorithm through Lyapunov optimization. Our developed algorithm is applicable to arbitrary and unknown statistics of renewable generation, load, and electricity prices. It provides a simple closed-form control solution only based on current system states with minimum complexity for real-time implementation. Furthermore, the solution structure reveals how the battery energy level and energy prices affect the decision on energy flow and storage. The proposed algorithm possesses a bounded performance guarantee to that of the optimal non-causal T-slot look-ahead control policy. Simulation shows the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm as compared with alternative real-time and non-causal algorithms, as well as the effect of selling-to-buying price ratio and battery inefficiency on the storage behavior and system cost.