Probing the UV with IR Axion Dark Matter Experiments (2504.07188v1)

Abstract: There is an ongoing and future experimental program searching for axions as both extensions of the Standard Model and as candidates for the observed dark matter. In this paper, we examine the feasibility of being able to pin down precise features of axions within the context of this program. We define a set of infrared data that can be probed by experiments and explain how it encodes the ultraviolet data defining particular models of the QCD axion. We then critically examine the extent to which these data can be determined. If the parameters are favorable, we will be able to determine the axion couplings to photons, electrons, nuclei, as well as the dark matter halo density. However, further experimental proposals are needed to fully flesh out the ultraviolet model of the axion.

Probing the UV with IR Axion Dark Matter Experiments

The paper "Probing the UV with IR Axion Dark Matter Experiments" thoroughly investigates the potential of using infrared (IR) axion dark matter experiments to glean insights into ultraviolet (UV) features of axion models. This is notably relevant in the context of axions serving as both extensions of the Standard Model and viable dark matter candidates. Herein, the focus is on how IR experimental results can inform and potentially validate or refute various UV axion models.

Summary of Research

The axion, introduced as a resolution to the Strong CP problem via the Peccei-Quinn mechanism, stands out as a promising dark matter component. Several axion dark matter detection strategies, such as haloscopes and helioscopes, are considered for their capability to probe different aspects of axion properties. The researchers establish a framework comprising IR data elements that can be directly tested in experiments, such as axion couplings to Standard Model (SM) particles, and UV model parameters like decay constants and anomaly coefficients.

Key Insights

• IR and UV Models: The paper delineates a set of IR data, including axion mass, couplings to various particles, and local dark matter density. UV model specifications might include the axion decay constant and anomaly coefficients. By defining these models carefully, the research evaluates the translatability of measured IR parameters into constraints or confirmations of UV model attributes.
• Experimental Landscape: Existing and proposed experiments span a broad mass range of axions from $10^{-12}$ eV to $10^1$ eV, each targeting different coupling strengths and employing distinct detection methodologies. Upcoming haloscopes, such as DM-Radio for the lower mass range, and large-scale helioscopes like IAXO for higher mass axions, are pivotal in exploring uncharted parameter spaces.
• Implications for Axion Models: Through hypothetical scenarios and analysis of potential experimental outcomes, the paper outlines possible constraints on axion models, such as differentiation between DFSZ and KSVZ types. Findings could rule out models lacking compatibility with newly established parameter spaces, enhancing our understanding of axionic contributions to dark matter.
• Future Prospects: The authors underscore the necessity of developing newer theoretical frameworks and experimental designs to link IR data to potential UV completions effectively. This may involve addressing potential sources of degeneracy in coupling measurements or refining astrophysical signals' interpretations.

Implications

The research conveys significant implications for both theoretical and practical advancements in particle physics and cosmology. The paper navigates through potential outcomes where experiments not only detect axionic signals but also permit comprehensive modeling of their underlying physics. This approach exemplifies an iterative process in scientific inquiry—where experiments refine models, which in turn guide subsequent experiments—thus propelling the field toward deeper fundamental understanding.

Speculative Developments in AI

As AI technologies evolve, they could play a crucial role in analyzing complex datasets, enhancing experimental precision, and modeling theoretical frameworks more effectively. Machine learning could facilitate the optimization of parameter spaces and outperform traditional methods in sifting through vast data volumes, leading to faster, more accurate hypotheses testing and verification in axionic research.

In summary, advancements in axion dark matter experiments, as detailed in this paper, are promising avenues for unraveling deep-seated mysteries in theoretical physics. With the persistent development of experimental techniques and theoretical insights, probing the UV models through IR experiments is a significant stride toward validating or refuting longstanding hypotheses in particle physics.