Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
97 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
53 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
44 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
5 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
47 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

Maturity of Vehicle Digital Twins: From Monitoring to Enabling Autonomous Driving (2404.08438v2)

Published 12 Apr 2024 in cs.ET

Abstract: Digital twinning of vehicles is an iconic application of digital twins, as the concept of twinning dates back to the twinning of NASA space vehicles. Although digital twins (DTs) in the automotive industry have been recognized for their ability to improve efficiency in design and manufacturing, their potential to enhance land vehicle operation has yet to be fully explored. Most existing DT research on vehicle operations, aside from the existing body of work on autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs), focuses on electrified passenger cars. However, the use and value of twinning varies depending on the goal, whether it is to provide cost-efficient and sustainable freight transport without disruptions, sustainable public transport focused on passenger well-being, or fully autonomous vehicle operation. In this context, DTs are used for a range of applications, from real-time battery health monitoring to enabling fully autonomous vehicle operations. This leads to varying requirements, complexities, and maturities of the implemented DT solutions. This paper analyzes recent trends in DT-driven efficiency gains for freight, public, and autonomous vehicles and discusses their required level of maturity based on a maturity tool. The application of our DT maturity tool reveals that most DTs have reached level 3 and enable real-time monitoring. Additionally, DTs of level 5 already exist in closed environments, allowing for restricted autonomous operation.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (46)
  1. R. Rosen, G. Von Wichert, G. Lo, and K. D. Bettenhausen, “About the importance of autonomy and digital twins for the future of manufacturing,” Ifac-papersonline, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 567–572, 2015.
  2. W. Yang, Y. Zheng, and S. Li, “Application status and prospect of digital twin for on-orbit spacecraft,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 106 489–106 500, 2021.
  3. D. Tran, L. Xenakis, S. Pardhi, I. V. Makazaga, M. Glensvig, H.-M. Koegeler, R. Medina, S. Wilkins, and O. Hegazy, “Advanced digital twin framework for electric truck,” in 2023 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC).   IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–6.
  4. Z. Wang, R. Gupta, K. Han, H. Wang, A. Ganlath, N. Ammar, and P. Tiwari, “Mobility digital twin: Concept, architecture, case study, and future challenges,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 9, no. 18, pp. 17 452–17 467, 2022.
  5. A. Sharma, P. Zanotti, and L. P. Musunur, “Drive through robotics: Robotic automation for last mile distribution of food and essentials during pandemics,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 127 190–127 219, 2020.
  6. W. Yang, X. Bao, Y. Zheng, L. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, and L. Li, “A digital twin framework for large comprehensive ports and a case study of qingdao port,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, pp. 1–18, 2022.
  7. I. Lichtenstern and F. Kerber, “Data-based digital twin of an automated guided vehicle system,” in 2022 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC).   IEEE, 2022, pp. 2936–2946.
  8. L. Popa, A. Berdich, and B. Groza, “Cartwin—development of a digital twin for a real-world in-vehicle can network,” Applied Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 445, 2022.
  9. R. Klar, N. Arvidsson, and V. Angelakis, “Digital twins’ maturity: The need for interoperability,” IEEE Systems Journal, 2023.
  10. M. Liu, S. Fang, H. Dong, and C. Xu, “Review of digital twin about concepts, technologies, and industrial applications,” Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 58, pp. 346–361, 2021.
  11. S. Olcott and C. Mullen, “Digital twin consortium defines digital twin,” 2020, https://www.digitaltwinconsortium.org/2020/12/digital-twin-consortium-defines-digital-twin/, Accessed: 2023-05-07.
  12. D. Piromalis and A. Kantaros, “Digital twins in the automotive industry: The road toward physical-digital convergence,” Applied System Innovation, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 65, 2022.
  13. M. W. Grieves, “Digital twins: Past, present, and future,” in The Digital Twin.   Springer, 2023, pp. 97–121.
  14. M. Spiryagin, J. Edelmann, F. Klinger, and C. Cole, “Vehicle system dynamics in digital twin studies in rail and road domains,” Vehicle System Dynamics, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 1735–1784, 2023.
  15. G. Mylonas, A. Kalogeras, G. Kalogeras, C. Anagnostopoulos, C. Alexakos, and L. Muñoz, “Digital twins from smart manufacturing to smart cities: A survey,” Ieee Access, vol. 9, pp. 143 222–143 249, 2021.
  16. D. Rizopoulos, H. Niavis, M. Kampa, A. M. Zafeiropoulou, R. Franklin, A. Mygiakis, A. Kakouris, A. Alexopoulos, and I. Fergadiotou, “Digital twinning platforms as an enabler for the ex-ante evaluation of pi-inspired interventions to last-mile logistics networks.”
  17. R. Eramo, F. Bordeleau, B. Combemale, M. van Den Brand, M. Wimmer, and A. Wortmann, “Conceptualizing digital twins,” IEEE Software, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 39–46, 2021.
  18. J. Van Mierlo, M. Berecibar, M. El Baghdadi, C. De Cauwer, M. Messagie, T. Coosemans, V. A. Jacobs, and O. Hegazy, “Beyond the state of the art of electric vehicles: A fact-based paper of the current and prospective electric vehicle technologies,” World Electric Vehicle Journal, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 20, 2021.
  19. C. Schwarz and Z. Wang, “The role of digital twins in connected and automated vehicles,” IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 41–51, 2022.
  20. B. R. Barricelli, E. Casiraghi, and D. Fogli, “A survey on digital twin: Definitions, characteristics, applications, and design implications,” IEEE access, vol. 7, pp. 167 653–167 671, 2019.
  21. R. Klar, A. Fredriksson, and V. Angelakis, “Digital twins for ports: Derived from smart city and supply chain twinning experience,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 71 777–71 799, 2023.
  22. D. M. Botín-Sanabria, A.-S. Mihaita, R. E. Peimbert-García, M. A. Ramírez-Moreno, R. A. Ramírez-Mendoza, and J. d. J. Lozoya-Santos, “Digital twin technology challenges and applications: A comprehensive review,” Remote Sensing, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 1335, 2022.
  23. K. Lamb, “Gemini papers: How to enable an ecosystem of connected digital twins,” 2022, report. Centre for Digital Built Britain. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.82193, Accessed: 2024-02-20.
  24. D. M. Botín-Sanabria, D. A. Santiesteban-Pozas, G. Sáenz-González, R. A. Ramírez-Mendoza, M. A. Ramírez-Moreno, and J. Lozoya-Santos, “Digital twin for a vehicle: electrobus case study,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Monterrey, Mexico, 2021, pp. 2971–2981.
  25. I. Barosan, A. A. Basmenj, S. G. Chouhan, and D. Manrique, “Development of a virtual simulation environment and a digital twin of an autonomous driving truck for a distribution center,” in Software Architecture: 14th European Conference, ECSA 2020 Tracks and Workshops, L’Aquila, Italy, September 14–18, 2020, Proceedings 14.   Springer, 2020, pp. 542–557.
  26. Y. Ai, Y. Liu, Y. Gao, C. Zhao, X. Cheng, J. Han, B. Tian, L. Chen, and F.-Y. Wang, “Pmworld: A parallel testing platform for autonomous driving in mines,” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles, 2023.
  27. T. Bednarz, A. Baier, and I. Paprocka, “A framework for communicating and building a digital twin model of the electric car,” Applied Sciences, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 1776, 2024.
  28. M. Schnieder, C. Hinde, and A. West, “Digital twin concept in last mile delivery and passenger transport (a systematic literature review),” Enterprise Interoperability X: Enterprise Interoperability Through Connected Digital Twins, pp. 135–145, 2024.
  29. P. Tang, “Deterioration digital twins of commercial trucks and trailers for targeted inspection and maintenance,” 2023, report. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68550, Accessed: 2024-03-24.
  30. G. Bhatti, H. Mohan, and R. R. Singh, “Towards the future of smart electric vehicles: Digital twin technology,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 141, p. 110801, 2021.
  31. M. A. Javed, F. U. Muram, S. Punnekkat, and H. Hansson, “Safe and secure platooning of automated guided vehicles in industry 4.0,” Journal of systems architecture, vol. 121, p. 102309, 2021.
  32. P. Ruiz, M. Seredynski, Á. Torné, and B. Dorronsoro, “A digital twin for bus operation in public urban transportation systems,” in International Conference on Big Data Intelligence and Computing.   Springer, 2022, pp. 40–52.
  33. D. H. Utku, F. O. Catak, M. Kuzlu, S. Sarp, V. Jovanovic, U. Cali, and N. Zohrabi, “Digital twin applications for smart and connected cities,” in Digital Twin Driven Intelligent Systems and Emerging Metaverse.   Springer, 2023, pp. 141–154.
  34. D. G. Broo and J. Schooling, “Digital twins in infrastructure: Definitions, current practices, challenges and strategies,” International Journal of Construction Management, vol. 23, no. 7, pp. 1254–1263, 2023.
  35. S. Almeaibed, S. Al-Rubaye, A. Tsourdos, and N. P. Avdelidis, “Digital twin analysis to promote safety and security in autonomous vehicles,” IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 40–46, 2021.
  36. L. Wright and S. Davidson, “How to tell the difference between a model and a digital twin,” Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2020.
  37. A. Hazrathosseini and A. M. Afrapoli, “The advent of digital twins in surface mining: Its time has finally arrived,” Resources Policy, vol. 80, p. 103155, 2023.
  38. A. Widyotriatmo, I. A. Kuncara, H. Amri, A. Hasan, and Y. Y. Nazaruddin, “Leveraging digital twin for autonomous docking of a container truck with stabilization control,” Journal of Field Robotics, 2024.
  39. E. Thonhofer, S. Sigl, M. Fischer, F. Heuer, A. Kuhn, J. Erhart, M. Harrer, and W. Schildorfer, “Infrastructure-based digital twins for cooperative, connected, automated driving and smart road services,” IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2023.
  40. T. Samak, C. Samak, S. Kandhasamy, V. Krovi, and M. Xie, “Autodrive: A comprehensive, flexible and integrated digital twin ecosystem for autonomous driving research & education,” Robotics, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 77, 2023.
  41. S. Sorooshian, S. Khademi Sharifabad, M. Parsaee, and A. R. Afshari, “Toward a modern last-mile delivery: Consequences and obstacles of intelligent technology,” Applied System Innovation, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 82, 2022.
  42. T. Vanelslander, L. Deketele, and D. Van Hove, “Commonly used e-commerce supply chains for fast moving consumer goods: comparison and suggestions for improvement,” International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 243–256, 2013.
  43. M. D. Simoni, E. Kutanoglu, and C. G. Claudel, “Optimization and analysis of a robot-assisted last mile delivery system,” Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 142, p. 102049, 2020.
  44. T. Hoffmann and G. Prause, “On the regulatory framework for last-mile delivery robots,” Machines, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 33, 2018.
  45. M. Ostermeier, A. Heimfarth, and A. Hübner, “Cost-optimal truck-and-robot routing for last-mile delivery,” Networks, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 364–389, 2022.
  46. Open Mobility Foundation, “About mobility data specification,” 2023, report. https://www.openmobilityfoundation.org/about-mds/, Accessed: 2024-03-25.
User Edit Pencil Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
Authors (3)
  1. Robert Klar (4 papers)
  2. Niklas Arvidsson (1 paper)
  3. Vangelis Angelakis (24 papers)

Summary

We haven't generated a summary for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Summarize Now