Monopole and instanton effects on connected and disconnected correlations for scalar density (2212.09691v2)

Abstract: This study investigates the effects on the connected and disconnected correlations for the scalar density that are induced by created monopoles and instantons in the QCD vacuum. To reveal the effects, we add a monopole and anti-monopole pair in the gauge field configurations in \textit{SU}(3) by applying the monopole creation operator to the vacuum. We vary the magnetic charges of the monopole and anti-monopole and increase the number of monopoles and anti-monopoles in the configurations. The Dirac operator of overlap fermions preserves the exact chiral symmetry in lattice gauge theory and exact zero-modes exist in its spectrum. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the overlap Dirac operator have been calculated using these configurations, and the numbers of instantons and anti-instantons which are created by these additional monopoles and anti-monopoles have been estimated from the numbers of topological charges in our previous studies. In this study, we demonstrate the preliminary results that instantons and monopoles influence the masses that are evaluated from the connected and disconnected correlation functions for the scalar density using low-lying eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the overlap Dirac operator.