A minimal phase-coupling model for intermittency in turbulent systems

Abstract: Turbulent systems exhibit a remarkable multi-scale complexity, in which spatial structures induce scale-dependent statistics with strong departures from Gaussianity. In Fourier space, this is reflected by pronounced phase synchronization. A quantitative relation between real-space structure, statistics, and phase synchronization is currently missing. Here, we address this problem in the framework of a minimal phase-coupling model, which enables a detailed investigation by means of dynamical systems theory and multi-scale high-resolution simulations. We identify the spectral power-law steepness, which controls the phase coupling, as the control parameter for tuning the non-Gaussian properties of the system. Whereas both very steep and very shallow spectra exhibit close-to-Gaussian statistics, the strongest departures are observed for intermediate slopes comparable to the ones in hydrodynamic and Burgers turbulence. We show that the non-Gaussian regime of the model coincides with a collapse of the dynamical system to a lower-dimensional attractor and the emergence of phase synchronization, thereby establishing a dynamical-systems perspective on turbulent intermittency.