$SO(5)$ Landau Models and Nested Nambu Matrix Geometry

Abstract: The $SO(5)$ Landau model is the mathematical platform of the 4D quantum Hall effect and provide a rare opportunity for a physical realization of the fuzzy four-sphere. We present an integrated analysis of the $SO(5)$ Landau models and the associated matrix geometries through the Landau level projection. With the $SO(5)$ monopole harmonics, we explicitly derive matrix geometry of a four-sphere in any Landau level: In the lowest Landau level the matrix coordinates are given by the generalized $SO(5)$ gamma matrices of the fuzzy four-sphere satisfying the quantum Nambu algebra, while in higher Landau levels the matrix geometry becomes a nested fuzzy structure realizing a pure quantum geometry with no counterpart in classical geometry. The internal fuzzy geometry structure is discussed in the view of an $SO(4)$ Pauli-Schr\"odinger model and the $SO(4)$ Landau model, where we unveil a hidden singular gauge transformation between their background non-Abelian field configurations. Relativistic versions of the $SO(5)$ Landau model are also investigated and relationship to the Berezin-Toeplitz quantization is clarified. We finally discuss the matrix geometry of the Landau models in even higher dimensions.