Hardware-Accelerated Algorithm for Complex Function Roots Density Graph Plotting

Abstract: Solving and visualizing the potential roots of complex functions is essential in both theoretical and applied domains, yet often computationally intensive. We present a hardware-accelerated algorithm for complex function roots density graph plotting by approximating functions with polynomials and solving their roots using single-shift QR iteration. By leveraging the Hessenberg structure of companion matrices and optimizing QR decomposition with Givens rotations, we design a pipelined FPGA architecture capable of processing a large amount of polynomials with high throughput. Our implementation achieves up to 65x higher energy efficiency than CPU-based approaches, and while it trails modern GPUs in performance due to differences in fabrication technique.