Parity-Time Symmetric Spin-1/2 Richardson-Gaudin Models (2506.01110v2)

Abstract: In this work, we systematically investigate the integrable $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Richardson-Gaudin model for spin-$1/2$ particles in an arbitrary magnetic field. First, we define the parity and time-reversal transformation rules and determine the metric operator as well as the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric inner product. Using the metric operator, we derive the Hermitian counterparts of the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric conserved charges. We then compute and plot the eigenvalues of the conserved charges obtained from the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Richardson-Gaudin model. As expected for any $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric system, the spectrum exhibits both real eigenvalues and complex-conjugate pairs. We numerically study the spin dynamics of this model and compare it with the Hermitian case in both closed and open quantum systems. Our findings reveal that, in the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Richardson-Gaudin model, the system fails to reach a steady state at weak coupling, demonstrating robustness against dissipation. However, at stronger coupling strengths, the system eventually reaches a steady state after some time. Finally, we investigate the perturbation theory of the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Richardson-Gaudin Hamiltonian, assuming that the magnetic fields in the $x$- and $y$-directions are much smaller in magnitude than the magnetic field in the $z$-direction.