Generative AI in Computer Science Education: Accelerating Python Learning with ChatGPT (2505.20329v1)

Abstract: The increasing demand for digital literacy and AI fluency in the workforce has highlighted the need for scalable, efficient programming instruction. This study evaluates the effectiveness of integrating generative AI, specifically OpenAIs ChatGPT, into a self-paced Python programming module embedded within a sixteen-week professional training course on applied generative AI. A total of 86 adult learners with varying levels of programming experience completed asynchronous Python instruction in Weeks three and four, using ChatGPT to generate, interpret, and debug code. Python proficiency and general coding knowledge was assessed across 30 different assessments during the first 13 weeks of the course through timed, code-based evaluations. A mixed-design ANOVA revealed that learners without prior programming experience scored significantly lower than their peers on early assessments. However, following the completion of the accelerated Python instruction module, these group differences were no longer statistically significant,, indicating that the intervention effectively closed initial performance gaps and supported proficiency gains across all learner groups. These findings suggest that generative AI can support accelerated learning outcomes and reduce entry barriers for learners with no prior coding background. While ChatGPT effectively facilitated foundational skill acquisition, the study also highlights the importance of balancing AI assistance with opportunities for independent problem-solving. The results support the potential of AI-augmented instruction as a scalable model for reskilling in the digital economy.